KESIAPAN RUMAH SAKIT DAN TRANSFORMASI MUTU DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KELAS RAWAT INAP STANDAR (KRIS): STUDI CROSS-SECTIONAL DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69957/praob.v6i01.3128Keywords:
KRIS, Kesiapan Rumah Sakit, Mutu Pelayanan, Transformasi KesehatanAbstract
Implementasi kebijakan Kelas Rawat Inap Standar (KRIS) merupakan bagian dari reformasi strategis dalam sistem Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional yang bertujuan mengurangi disparitas pelayanan rawat inap serta memperkuat pelayanan kesehatan berbasis mutu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesiapan rumah sakit, kesesuaian sarana-prasarana, kesenjangan implementasi, serta implikasi penerapan KRIS terhadap mutu pelayanan rumah sakit di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif melalui pemanfaatan data sekunder dari Sistem Informasi Rumah Sakit Online (SIRS Online) Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Penilaian dilakukan terhadap indikator pemenuhan KRIS meliputi sarana rawat inap, aksesibilitas, fasilitas keselamatan pasien, standar lingkungan ruang perawatan, serta penyesuaian kapasitas tempat tidur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian rumah sakit telah memenuhi indikator dasar KRIS, terutama pada aspek fisik bangunan seperti pencahayaan, jarak antar tempat tidur, lantai anti licin, dan penataan ruang rawat inap. Namun demikian, masih ditemukan kesenjangan pada pemenuhan sistem penunjang keselamatan pasien seperti nurse call, ketersediaan oksigen, aksesibilitas kelompok rentan, dan handrail. Penelitian juga menemukan adanya kesenjangan antara jumlah tempat tidur KRIS yang telah dialokasikan dengan tingkat kesesuaian standar KRIS secara nyata. Rumah sakit dengan kapasitas besar cenderung menghadapi tantangan adaptasi yang lebih kompleks akibat keterbatasan infrastruktur, kesiapan organisasi, dan tekanan kapasitas pelayanan. Sebaliknya, rumah sakit dengan kapasitas lebih kecil menunjukkan fleksibilitas yang lebih baik dalam memenuhi beberapa indikator KRIS. Implementasi KRIS mendorong perubahan paradigma pelayanan rumah sakit dari pendekatan berbasis kuantitas menuju pelayanan yang lebih berorientasi pada mutu dan patient-centered care. Namun, proses transformasi masih menghadapi kendala berupa keterbatasan pembiayaan, kebutuhan renovasi bangunan, dan tantangan adaptasi organisasi. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan implementasi KRIS tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kepatuhan regulatif, tetapi juga memerlukan kepemimpinan adaptif, resiliensi organisasi, budaya keselamatan pasien, dan transformasi infrastruktur yang berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan mutu dan keadilan pelayanan kesehatan.
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