Burnout pada karyawan: Bagaimana peranan emotional labor dan workplace spirituality?
Keywords:
Burnout, Emotional Labour, Employee, Emotional Exhaustion, Workplace SpiritualityAbstract
Abstract
Burnout is a psychological syndrome that occurs due to emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased personal achievement. Burnout that is not treated immediately will result in the emergence of psychological, behavioral, attitudinal, social and physical symptoms. The research objective was to determine the relationship between emotional labor and workplace spirituality with employee burnout. The population of this study are employees of PT. X which amounted to 187. There were 100 research participants who were taken by simple random sampling technique. The research instrument used the MBI scale, the emotional labor scale adapted from Yang, Chen, & Zhao, (2019) and the workplace spirituality scale adapted by Petchsawang & Duchon, (2009). The data analysis technique in this study used multiple regression analysis techniques. The results showed that there was a very significant relationship between emotional labor and workplace spirituality with burnout. Future researchers can link burnout with other variables, so that research on burnout is more diverse.
Keywords: Burnout; emotional labour; employee; emotional exhaustion; workplace spirituality.
Abstrak
Burnout adalah sindrom psikologis yang terjadi akibat adanya kelelahan emosional, depersonalisasi dan penurunan pencapaian pribadi. Burnout yang tidak segera ditangani akan berakibat pada munculnya gejala psikologis, perilaku, sikap, sosial dan fisik. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara emotional labor dan workplace spirituality dengan burnout pada karyawan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. X yang berjumlah 187. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah 100 orang, yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan skala MBI, skala emotional labor yang diadaptasi dari Yang, Chen, & Zhao, (2019) dan skala workplace spirituality yang diadaptasi oleh Petchsawang & Duchon, (2009). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara emotional labor dan workplace spirituality dengan burnout. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat menghubungkan burnout dengan variabel lain, agar penelitian mengenai burnout lebih beragam.
Kata kunci: Burnout; emotional labor; karyawan; kelelahan emosi; workplace spirituality.
References
Avavidya, A., & Karyantoro, D. (2017). Pengaruh Emotional Intelligence dan Spirituality at Work pada Organizational Citizenship Behavior pada Perawat Rumah Sakit. Jurnal Psikologi, 10, 21–31.
Brotheridge, C. M., & Lee, R. T. (2003). Development and Validation of The Emotional Labour Scale. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76, 365–379. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140197105001090%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.08.010
Burke, R. J., & Deszca, E. (1986). Correlates of Psychological Burnout Phases among Police Officers. Human Reations, 39, 487–502.
Cordes, C. L., & Dougherty, T. W. (1993). A Review and an Integration of Research on Job Burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18, 621–656. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1993.9402210153
Da-Yee, J., Changsoo, K., & Sei-Jin, C. (2018). Emotional Labor and Burnout: A Review of the Literature. Yonsei Medical Journal, 59(2), 187–193. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2018.59.2.187
Ghozali, I. (2011). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program SPSS. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hardiyanti, R. (2013). Burnout dintinjau dari Big Five Factors Personality pada Karyawan Kantor Pos Pusat Malang. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 1(2), 343–360.
Hochschild, A. R. (2012). The Managed Heart Commercialization of Human Feeling. In The managed heart.
Hyung Min, C., Mohammad, A. A. A., & Woo Gon, K. (2019). Understanding Hotel Frontline Employees’ Emotional Intelligence, Emotional Labor, Job Stress, Coping Strategies and Burnout. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 82(May), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.05.002
Jackson, S. E., & Maslach, C. (1982). After-Effects of Job-Related Stress: Families as Victims. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 3, 63–77. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3000298
Kahill, S. (1988). Symptoms of Professional Burnout: a Review of The Empirical Evidence. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 29, 284–297. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0079772
Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (1997). The Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, 191–217. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277816643
Petchsawang, P. (2008). Workplace Spirituality and Buddhist Meditation.
Petchsawang, P., & Duchon, D. (2009). Measuring Workplace Spirituality in an Asian Context. Human Resource Development International, 12, 459–468. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678860903135912
Petchsawang, P., & Duchon, D. (2012). Workplace Spirituality, Meditation, and Work Performance. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 9, 189–208.
Pradhan, R. K., Panigrahy, N. P., & Jena, L. K. (2015). Workplace Spirituality and Employee Performance: Mediating Role of Organisation Citizenship Behaviour. Journal of Contemporary Psychological Research, 2, 40.
Pratiwi, A. K., & Nurtjahjanti, H. (2018). Hubungan antara Spiritualitas Kerja dengan Burnout pada Perawat Rawat Inap RSI Sultan Agung Kota Semarang. 7, 269–273.
Putri, N. K. R., & Suhana. (2022). Pengaruh Workplace Spirituality terhadap Burnout pada Perawat Penanganan Pasien Covid-19 RSUD Syamsudin Sukabumi. Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science, 2, 241–248. https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsps.v2i1.970
Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Taegoo (Terry), K., Joanne Jung Eun, Y., Gyehee, L., & Joungman, K. (2012). Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Labor Acting Strategies among Frontline Hotel Employees. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 24(7), 1029–1046. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111211258900
Widjaja, M. S., Sitorus, K. S., & Himawan, K. K. (2016). Hubungan antara Kecerdasan Emosional dengan Kecenderungan Burnout pada Karyawan Bagian Pemasaran. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 3(1), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu42
Yang, C., Chen, Y., & Zhao, X. (2019). Emotional Labor: Scale Development and Validation in the Chinese Context. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(September). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02095
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 ummu hani, Diah Sofiah, Etik Darul Muslikah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
